How to Use an AED

Understanding Automated External Defibrillators

An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device designed to assess a person’s heart rhythm and, if necessary, deliver an electric shock to restore a normal heartbeat. In the event of sudden cardiac arrest, knowing how to use an AED can save a life.

AEDs are easy to use and provide step-by-step instructions through voice or visual prompts. They are now widely available in workplaces, community centres, gyms, schools and public locations across Australia. Every minute without defibrillation reduces a person’s chance of survival by roughly 10%, making AED training an essential part of workplace first aid preparedness.

When to Use an AED

Use an AED when a person is unresponsive and not breathing normally. These are signs of cardiac arrest. Before retrieving the AED, call emergency services (000) and begin CPR. If others are present, one person should continue chest compressions while another brings the AED to the scene.

Once the automated external defibrillator is switched on, follow its clear prompts. The device will guide you through the process, analyse the heart rhythm and, if required, deliver a life-saving shock.

Step-by-Step AED Instructions

1. Turn on the AED

Turn on the AED immediately upon arrival. Most devices start giving voice or screen instructions automatically. These prompts guide you through the remaining steps.

2. Prepare the Person’s Chest

Remove clothing from the person’s chest and dry the area if it is wet. If the casualty has a very hairy chest, use the razor provided in the AED kit to shave small areas where the pads will attach. This ensures a good connection between the pads and the skin.

3. Apply the AED Pads

Follow the placement diagrams shown on the pads or the AED screen.

• Place one pad on the upper right side of the chest below the collarbone.
• Place the other pad on the lower left side of the chest below the armpit.

If using an AED on a child under eight years old (or under 25 kg), use paediatric pads or the child mode if available. If pads risk touching each other, place one on the chest and the other on the back.

4. Allow the AED to Analyse

Once pads are attached, the AED will automatically begin analysing the heart rhythm. Make sure nobody is touching the person during this time. The AED will announce “Analysing—do not touch the patient.”

5. Deliver the Shock if Advised

If the AED determines that a shock is needed, it will either instruct you to press the shock button or deliver it automatically. Ensure everyone is clear before the shock is given.

6. Continue CPR

After the shock—or if the AED announces “no shock advised”—resume chest compressions immediately. Continue following the AED’s prompts until emergency medical help arrives or the person shows signs of life.

AED Use in Australian Workplaces

Under Australian first aid in the workplace guidance, it is strongly recommended that workplaces provide access to an AED. Employees should know the location of the AED, how to use it and how to perform CPR while awaiting emergency services.

AEDs should be stored in visible, easily accessible areas and checked regularly to ensure batteries and pads are within their expiry dates. AED awareness and basic operation are covered in accredited first aid courses such as HLTAID011 – Provide First Aid.

Safety Tips When Using an AED

• You cannot harm someone by using an AED. The device will only deliver a shock if necessary.
• Always ensure the casualty’s chest is dry before applying pads.
• Move the person away from standing water or wet surfaces.
• Avoid placing pads directly over medical implants such as pacemakers or medication patches.
• After use, replace pads and check the battery to ensure the AED is ready for future emergencies.

Why AED Training is Important

AED training in Australia helps individuals build the confidence to act quickly and calmly during a cardiac emergency. It teaches proper CPR technique, safe pad placement and how to interpret AED prompts. Many training organisations include AED use in their accredited first aid programs, ensuring that both staff and community members are prepared to respond effectively.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need training to use an AED?
No. AEDs are designed for anyone to use, regardless of medical background. However, formal AED training helps improve confidence and response time.

Can I use an AED on a child?
Yes. Use child pads or activate the child mode. If these are not available, standard pads can be used—ensure they do not touch each other.

Is it safe to use an AED on someone with a pacemaker?
Yes. Place the pad a few centimetres away from the pacemaker site. The AED will still function effectively.

Can I use an AED in wet conditions?
Avoid direct contact with water. Move the casualty to a dry surface and dry their chest before applying pads.

What if the AED says “no shock advised”?
Continue CPR until emergency help arrives. The AED will reanalyse the heart rhythm approximately every two minutes and prompt you if a shock becomes necessary.

Conclusion

Learning how to use an AED is a vital skill that can save lives. These devices are designed to be safe, reliable and easy to use, providing step-by-step automated external defibrillator instructions for the user.

In an emergency, remember: Call 000, Start CPR and Use an AED. With the right knowledge, preparation and training, you can be ready to act when every second counts.

  About the Author

 Jim Allen is the Director of Allens Training Pty Ltd (RTO 90909), one of Australia’s leading providers of nationally recognised first aid, health, and safety training. With over two decades of experience in emergency response and vocational education, Jim is passionate about empowering individuals and workplaces with the confidence and skills to save lives. He continues to advocate for high-quality, accessible first aid education across Australia.